The Scientific Method of problem solving

hypothesis
an idea or explanation for something that is based on known facts but has not yet been proved 

theory
a formal statement of the rules on which a subject of study is based or of ideas which are suggested to explain a fact or event or, more generally, an opinion or explanation 

law 
a general rule, which states what always happens when the same conditions exist 
Newton's laws of motion

measurement
is one of the fundamental processes of science. It provides the data on which new theories are based and by which older theories are tested and retested. A good measurement should be both accurate and precise.

accurate
correct, exact and without any mistakes 

Accuracy is determined by the care taken by the person making the measurement and the condition of the instrument; a worn or broken instrument or one carelessly used may give an inaccurate result.  

precise
measured to a fine scale  

Precision, on the other hand, is determined by the design of the instrument; the finer the graduations on the instrument's scale and the greater the ease with which they can be read, the more precise the measurement. The choice of the instrument used should be appropriate to the desired precision of the results.

conclusion  
judgment based on the analysis of data from experiments or field studies

variable  
any part of an experiment that can be changed

field studies  
observations collected in a natural setting instead of in the lab

Length 
how long something is (usually greater than width)

Width 
how wide something is (usually less than length)

Height 
how tall something is

Volume 
how much space an object takes up

Mass 
the measure of the amount of matter in an object

Matter 
anything that has mass and takes up space

    The Make Up of Matter

    All matter is made up of molecules.

    All molecules are made up of atoms.

    All atoms are made up of

         Protons (p⁺)

        Neutrons (N⁰)

        Electrons (e^-)

Weight 
measure of the force of gravity pulling on an object

Balance 
the mechanical device used to measure mass

Scale
the mechanical device used to measure weight

Density 
the ratio of the mass of an object to its volume

            D = m/V